| Global Federalism GLOBAL GOVERNANCE FOR THE 21ST CENTURY Israel The United Nations Council on Foreign Relations Federalism Federalism is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a general government (the central or "federal" government) with regional governments (state, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system. Its distinctive feature, exemplified in the Constitution of the United States, is a relationship of parity between the two levels of government established. Federalism is thus a form of government in which powers are divided between two levels of government of equal status. Federalism differs from confederalism, in which the general level of government is subordinate to the regional level. Examples of the federation or federal state include United States, India, Brazil, Mexico, Russia, Germany, Canada, Switzerland, Argentina, Nigeria, Australia. Federation A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states, as well as the division of power between them and the central government, is typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision of either party, the states or the federal political body. A federation is a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided between a central authority and a number of constituent regions so that each region retains some degree of control over its internal affairs. Federations are often multi-ethnic and cover a large area of territory (such as Russia, the United States, Canada, India, or Brazil). With the United States Constitution having become effective on 4 March 1789, the United States is the oldest surviving federation. The component states are in some sense sovereign, insofar as certain powers are reserved to them that may not be exercised by the central government. A federation often emerges from an initial agreement between a number of separate states. The purpose of the federation can be the will to solve mutual problems and to provide for mutual defense or to create a nation-state for an ethnicity spread over several states. The federal government is the common or national government of a federation. A federal government may have distinct powers at various levels authorized or delegated to it by its member states. The federal government is the government at the level of the sovereign state. Usual responsibilities of the federal government are maintaining national security and exercising international diplomacy, including the right to sign binding treaties. A modern federal government, within the limits defined by its constitution, has the power to make laws for the whole country, unlike local governments. Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Each government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. Typically, the philosophy of a government is some balance between the principle of individual freedom and the idea of absolute state authority (tyranny). While all types of organizations have governance, the term government is often used more specifically, to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations globally. Republic Democracy Monarchy Constitutional Monarchy Theocracy Job 19:25-27 Job 37:22-23 Psalm 2:6 Psalm 10:16 Psalm 24:7-8 Psalm 24:10 Psalm 29:10 Psalm 44:4-5 Psalm 45:6 Psalm 47:2-3 Psalm 47:7-9 Psalm 48:2 Psalm 68:24 Psalm 68:29 Psalm 72:11 Psalm 74:12 Psalm 76:11-12 Psalm 95:3 Psalm 99:2-5 Psalm 145:1 Psalm 145:11-13 Psalm 149:2 Isaiah 9:6-7 Isaiah 12:6 Isaiah 18:7 Isaiah 24:23 Isaiah 33:17 Isaiah 40:9 Isaiah 43:15 Isaiah 66:23 Daniel 7:13-14 Zechariah 14:9 John 1:49 Revelation 14:1, 17:14 Revelation 19:16 Global Governance Daniel 2:44 Psalm 22:27-28 Revelation 21:23-26 Zechariah 14:9 Psalm 89:27-29 Daniel 7:13-14 Isaiah 9:6-7 Zechariah 8:22 Psalm 99:1-2 Jeremiah 3:17 Ezekiel 37:24-28 Zechariah 9:9-10 Revelation 11:15 Revelation 12:5 Revelation 12:10 Revelation 15:4 |